Decanters
Separation of liquid substances is, however, just one of the tasks that mechanical separation technology has to handle. This is done with the separator at very high speeds.
Industry can utilize the centrifugal force quite differently when there is a mixture consisting of very different liquid and solid fractions. This is where a different type of centrifuge comes into play: the decanter.
In many production processes, substances with very different liquid and solid fractions have to be processed; in the production of fruit juices and starch for instance or when faced with the huge challenges posed by environmental protection.
In the case of solid contents up to 60 %, decanters handle the separating work. They clarify, separate or dewater a broad spectrum of materials.
The inside of a clarifying decanter
The decanter houses a rotating horizontal bowl which has a cylindrical section and a conical section. A scroll is integrated in the bowl.
The liquid/solid mixture enters the separating space through a centrally arranged feed tube. The solids are spun against the inner bowl wall under the action of centrifugal force. The scroll, which rotates at a different speed tan the bowl shell, transports the solids to the bowl cone. The solids discharge at the end of the bowl through discharge ports . The liquid is also simultaneously separated.
The clarified liquid flows in the opposite direction through the cylindrical section and discharges under gravity.
The separating decanter
As with the separators, the experts likewise differentiate in the case of decanters between clarifying and separating decanters. In addition to clarification, a separating decanter can separate liquids of different density.
In the case of this so-called liquid / liquid / solid separation, there is an additional discharge for the second liquid.
The product to be separated enters the separating space through the centrally arranged feed tube where it is under the influence of centrifugal force. The two liquid phases are separated into a light and heavy phase in the separating zone.
The light liquid moves in the direction of the bowl axis and discharges through regulating tubes. The heavy liquid, by contrast, moves outwards in the direction of the bowl shell and is discharged under pressure by means of a stationary centripetal pump.
The discharged solids are conveyed through the conical section of the bowl to the outlet by the scroll.
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